Some refer them as the basic elements, some as Mahabhuta. The alchemists believed them to be the basic elements and the relegious and spiritual texts mention them to be important for the paths to salvation. They are:
Air, representing the qualities of expansive and repulsive forces
Fire, representing the qualities of heat and energy
Water, for the qualities of fluidity and relative motions
Earth, for the qualities of solidity and attraction
I give to you, the Tattva
The post name has been suggested by the extremely talented Miss. Tuhina Mitra, thank you!